Monoclonal antibodies are derived from a single B-cell clone. They consist of identical antibody molecules that precisely bind to their target.
Monoclonal antibody production involves using hybridoma technology, in which antibody-producing B cells are fused with immortalized tumor cells to create hybridomas that secrete a homogeneous set of antibodies targeting a single epitope. These hybridomas are then cloned and cultured, and their antibodies are harvested for use. One limitation of traditional monoclonal antibody production, particularly with mouse-derived hybridomas, is the potential for genetic drift over time, which can affect antibody consistency. To address these challenges and enhance antibody performance, recombinant monoclonal antibodies have emerged as an alternative.
We offer a wide variety of monoclonal antibodies:
1. Unconjugated monoclonal antibodies do not have any bound fluorophores or other conjugates and are suitable for your own conjugation needs or as primary antibodies.
2. Conjugated monoclonal antibodies come conjugated with a fluorophore, enzymes, or another tag for detection or visualization.
Our rabbit monoclonal antibodies offer several advantages over monoclonals derived from other species, including :
1. Higher affinity and specificity: Rabbit antibodies frequently exhibit a higher affinity and specificity for their targets compared to those from mice or other animals. This means they can bind more strongly to the antigen, which is crucial for precise detection and measurement in experiments.
2. Broader epitope recognition: Rabbits can generate antibodies against a wider range of epitopes, including those that might be non-immunogenic in other animals like mice. This is particularly useful for detecting small molecules, haptens, and post-translational modifications.
3. Larger spleen and blood volume: The larger spleen and greater blood volume of rabbits provide more opportunities to isolate B cells and produce a higher yield of antibodies with the desired specificities.
4. Cross-reactivity: Rabbit antibodies often show cross-reactivity with epitopes in both mouse and human antigens. This is beneficial for preclinical studies and characterizing human disease models in mice.
5. Stronger immune response: Rabbits can mount a stronger immune response against certain antigens, especially those with low immunogenicity. This makes them ideal for producing antibodies against challenging targets.
Existing hybridoma-based monoclonal antibodies can be generated recombinantly by isolating the mRNA, generating cDNA, amplifying antibody-encoding sequences, and cloning them into high-yield expression vectors. These recombinant antibodies, expressed in mammalian cell lines like HEK 293, ensure a stable, long-term supply with batch-to-batch consistency. Additionally, codon optimization and sequence engineering can enhance binding characteristics, incorporate tags, or introduce an Fc fragment from another species.
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Features
- Monoclonal antibodies are indispensable tools in laboratory research as they can used in analytics and chemical research, including immunoassays, protein purification, and the early stages of drug development.
- Our monoclonal antibodies demonstrate high specificity for a single antigen or epitope.
- Our recombinant monoclonal antibodies, with their defined sequence, offer excellent batch-to-batch consistency, ensuring excellent performance across experiments.
- These monoclonal antibodies are tested in relevant tissue samples, both healthy and diseased, to confirm their specificity and sensitivity in real-world biological contexts.
- Little-to-no cross-reactivity, monoclonal antibodies bind with high specificity to their intended target, which is essential for accurate detection and measurement in complex biological samples.
- Our recombinant monoclonal antibodies undergo extensive validation to ensure specificity and sensitivity, with testing across several multi-normal and multi-tumor tissue samples.
- Additional bespoke assays using knock-out/over-expressing cells allow for a higher degree of specificity.
Applications
- Our monoclonal antibodies are widely used in both traditional and novel imaging applications.
- Provide high specificity in immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence for cellular localization studies.
- Allow for consistent and reproducible detection of target proteins in western blot assays.
- Provide reliable immunohistochemical staining in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples.
- Support intracellular flow cytometry for analyzing protein expression within cells.
How is a monoclonal antibody generated?
Monoclonal antibody development involves using hybridoma technology, where antibody-producing B cells are fused with immortal tumor cells to create hybridomas that secrete homogeneous antibodies targeting a single epitope, which are then cloned, cultured, and harvested. However, they may experience genetic drift over time and are often converted to a recombinant format for long-term consistency. To address the issue of genetic drift, recombinant monoclonal antibodies are generated in vitro using synthetic antibody genes cloned into high-yield mammalian expression vectors. This process can be initiated from existing hybridomas or via phage display technology, which offers optimized expression, enhanced reproducibility, and the flexibility to engineer desired antibody properties.
Why are rabbit monoclonals better?
Rabbit monoclonal antibodies offer superior antigen recognition, with a higher success rate across a broad range of antigens, including small molecules and peptides. They also exhibit higher affinity (picomolar range) and greater specificity, resulting in more precise and reliable detection. Additionally, rabbit monoclonals deliver better performance in IHC, demonstrating excellent results even in challenging tissue samples compared to mouse monoclonal antibodies.
What are the advantages of monoclonal antibodies?
Monoclonal antibodies offer several advantages, including high specificity, consistency, and reproducibility. Unlike polyclonal antibodies, which recognize different epitopes present in the same antigen, monoclonal antibodies target a single epitope, ensuring precise antigen detection. Our recombinant monoclonal antibodies provide batch-to-batch consistency, making them ideal for research, diagnostics, and therapeutic applications.
Our recombinant monoclonal antibodies are extensively validated across numerous applications, including immunohistochemistry, western blotting, flow cytometry, and ELISA. We use knock-out cell lines to confirm specificity, ensuring highly reliable and reproducible results. This rigorous validation process makes our antibodies a trusted choice for researchers requiring accuracy and consistency in their experiments.